Status:
COMPLETED
Mapping Brain Glutamate in Humans: Sex Differences in Cigarette Smokers
Lead Sponsor:
University of California, Los Angeles
Conditions:
Cigarette Smoking
Tobacco Dependence
Eligibility:
All Genders
18-45 years
Brief Summary
The proposed study will evaluate sex differences in whole-brain glutamate (Glu), with a focus on the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), anterior insula, and thalamus, as well as how it is influe...
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion
- Self-identified as only male or female
- Age 18-45 years (children \<18 years will be excluded due to low prevalence of conventional cigarette smoking; female participants \>45 years of age will be excluded to avoid effects of perimenopause and menopause in women; male participants \>45 years of age will be excluded as well to ensure that male and female groups are matched on age
- English fluency demonstrated by verbal skills sufficient to participate in a conversation, including the ability to ask and answer questions at a level that assures adequate understanding of the study (a comprehension quiz will be given)
- Right handedness (evaluated using the Edinburgh Inventory)
- Generally in good health without cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, or autoimmune diseases, diabetes, or cancer
- Must have smoked for ≥1 year
- Must endorse inhaling while smoking
- Must smoke ≥10 cigarettes per day
- Must have expired CO \>10 ppm and urinary cotinine ≥100 ng/ml at screening/intake
- Fulfillment of DSM-5 criteria for Tobacco Use Disorder
Exclusion
- Seeking treatment for nicotine dependence within 3 months of screening
- Medical condition that may compromise safety (based on history, physical exam)
- Neurological disorder that would compromise compliance and/or informed consent
- Major psychiatric disorder (e.g., Major Depression, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder) per DSM-5 MINI
- Current drug use disorders other than Tobacco Use Disorder (as defined in DSM-5)
- Recent use of cocaine, opiates, benzodiazepines, or amphetamines as shown by urine test at the screening or testing sessions
- Smoke marijuana \>3X/week (self-report) or positive marijuana urine test on a scan day (positive at screening allowed)
- Use of tobacco in forms other than cigarettes (e.g., snuff, chewing tobacco, e-cigarettes) \>10 days in the month before screening
- Preference for menthol cigarettes, given sex differences in the effect of menthol on the rate of nicotine entry into the brain
- Pregnancy or nursing
- Presence in the body of metal that would compromise safety during MRI
- Claustrophobia
- Any other condition that would compromise safety
Key Trial Info
Start Date :
April 1 2021
Trial Type :
OBSERVATIONAL
Allocation :
ACTUAL
End Date :
March 31 2023
Estimated Enrollment :
58 Patients enrolled
Trial Details
Trial ID
NCT05279053
Start Date
April 1 2021
End Date
March 31 2023
Last Update
August 14 2023
Active Locations (1)
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1
UCLA Semel Institute
Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095